Syrah / Shiraz: The Complete Guide to the RhÃ´ne's Noble Red Grape

Other Names: Shiraz, Candive, Hermitage, Marsanne Noire, Petite Sirrah, Serene, Serine, Sira, Sirac, Sirah, Syra, Syrac
Country of Origin: France (RhÃ´ne Valley)
Growing Regions: France, Australia, United States, Italy, Spain, Portugal, Argentina, Chile, Switzerland, South Africa
Typical Aromas: Black plum, blackberry, blueberry, violet, truffle, licorice, black pepper

Syrah is one of the noblest red grape varieties, originating from the northern RhÃ´ne Valley.

I. Origin and Etymology

Syrah is first mentioned under the names “Sira de l’Hermitage” and “Serine” in RhÃ´ne archives.
The name Syrah likely derives from “Serine,” from the Indo-European root Ser meaning “long duration,” referring to its late ripening.
In Australia, South Africa, and Argentina, this variety is known worldwide as Shiraz.

II. Genetics and Parentage

DNA analysis has revealed that Syrah is the result of a natural cross between Mondeuse Blanche and Dureza, two indigenous grape varieties from southern France.
It also shares genetic links with Pinot Noir, Mondeuse Noire, and Viognier.

III. Tasting Profile

Syrah produces wines with a deep, almost black color and powerful yet silky tannins.
The aromatic profile is dominated by black fruits (blackberry, blueberry, plum), violet, black pepper, licorice, and notes of leather and truffle.
In warm climates (Australia, Barossa Valley), Syrah/Shiraz develops more jammy aromas of very ripe fruits, dark chocolate, and sweet spices.
In the RhÃ´ne Valley (CÃ´te-RÃ´tie, Hermitage), Syrah expresses mineral elegance, racy tannins, and exceptional aging potential spanning several decades.

IV. Global Reach

With over 190,000 hectares planted worldwide, Syrah is the fifth most cultivated red grape variety.
While the RhÃ´ne Valley remains its land of excellence, Australia (Barossa, McLaren Vale) has established itself as Syrah/Shiraz’s second home, producing wines of unique power and generosity.

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